Categories
Essay

Babylon, We Bid Thee Farewell

This essay appeared in Prodigal Press, a Provo alternative media collective, on November 30, 2023. (Instagram here; forthcoming on prodigalpress.org.)

The first time I saw the stars was in the back of a pickup truck full of shoeboxes, together with a gang of teenage boys with whom I shared maybe fifty words of vocabulary, tops.

I say “first time” because there’s a difference between looking at the stars in suburban Utah and seeing them from a Pacific island with no suburbs to speak of. It’s worth the trip just to exist under the Tongan night sky on a clear day, when the stars are half of everything, and look up. Here, they’re bright: not faint little painted dots on a faded canopy but real twinkling lights, the brightest ones nearly falling out of the brilliant canvas and into your lap. The sky isn’t black. That’s the thing. When you get far enough out of the city, monochrome black becomes celestial patterns of silver and gray stretched out like streamers, and it starts to make sense what they meant when they said God created the heavens and the earth, two halves, one to live on, the other to scatter myths and heroes across.

As for the shoeboxes, Siosefa stopped the truck to pick them up at his wife’s boutique in town. I’m not sure why. Siosefa spoke decent English, but the conversation about the shoeboxes was in lea faka-Tonga, and it came as a surprise when the other boys started throwing the empty cardboard into the bed of the truck on top of me. And as for the boys, none of them were actually Siosefa’s: some were nephews, and most were neighborhood kids whose dads were in prison or who didn’t get enough to eat at home. Siosefa was the neighborhood bishop, and tonight his sacred duty consisted of taking the boys to town so we could eat fried chicken and sprawl out on the steps of the ANZ Bank and ride up and down a hotel elevator for no discernible purpose, except that the boys were having fun and this was preferable to gang activity. The other American researcher rode in the cab, so he was warmer than I was, but he missed the kids and me putting the shoeboxes on our heads and also the stars, how they gestured at meaning in some heavenly language: a colossal Rorschach test of heroes who grew up and ran away from home and fought monsters on tropical islands.

The other important thing is that I’m Episcopalian—which wouldn’t have been important had it not been important to my host family, particularly Siosefa’s father. We’d scarcely finished our first conversation in his upstairs family room when he asked, “You know gospel?” and his eyes caught fire and he explained Joseph Smith and the Book of Mormon and modern-day prophets. His upper lip, like his weathered fingers and toes, was swollen and curled so that when he spoke in subjects and verbs that did not agree it was as if he were speaking through cotton. But I understood every word, because there was a time when I myself had been a Latter-day Saint missionary who knocked on doors and sat on strangers’ couches to give that same explanation. That time was now two years in the past, nearly a tithe of my life, and as I could hardly explain in verbs like come, play, eat how and why and where my childhood faith had come to fit like a glove with two thumbs and not enough fingers, I told the closest thing to the truth that I could and became Episcopalian for a month.

I did not often see the stars while staying in that proud house: two stories where the neighbors had only one; a cinder-block fence, almost finished, with rebar leaning against it; cavernous windows and doorways without doors; a canopy for the van in the puddled yard full of pigs and chickens. More often I saw glimpses of childhood, like the Ko e Tohi ‘a Molomona on the patriarch’s unmade bed, as shabby and written-in as my father’s; the hyperactive kids that would have made admirable Boy Scouts; and the Del Parson painting of Jesus torn from a magazine and pinned to a stern, yellowed column, whose eyes followed you no matter where you stood in the room, according to Sunday School lore.

It was not merely that these things were there but that they would not leave me alone. One night I took out the ukulele that had filled half my suitcase and played for a rapt audience of boys who gazed at my performance like I was Homer or Harry Styles, even though I’m not much of a singer, and all the songs that sounded happy were just sped-up breakup songs. During intermission the kid who’d been sitting on the arm of my chair brought me the Latter-day Saint hymnal from his grandfather’s bed, opened to the song that got sung every other week in men’s meetings in Morgan, Utah, because it’s the only hymn that doesn’t go higher than a C. I could have said no, I don’t recognize it, but Episcopalian be damned, I was muse for the evening, and the least I could do was play a request that I actually knew. It was my turn to sing in a broken tongue, but the kids carried the tune well enough, and I knew the English translation: “O Babylon, O Babylon, we bid thee farewell. We’re going to the mountains of Ephraim to dwell.”

We soon left that house and its hospitality; two weeks later was the first night I ever slept on concrete. Half our research team spent the night on a fishing boat while the rest of us spent the night in a Latter-day Saint church on a tiny island that only had electricity around sunrise and sunset, slaughtering bugs that got too close to our sleeping bags. Silence, silence, then BANG—the echo of shoe on concrete.

Late that evening, I got talking with Grace on the steps of the outhouse. She’s an anthropologist, like most of our team, but she said she almost picked religious studies. This despite only having been to church once, which between the crucifixion and the chanting had been a frightening experience for a child of an agnostic union. But she’d always been interested in the reasons people believe, and, she said, “I’m honestly really scared of dying.” We chatted for a while about hope and hunger and Harry Potter, and when we stood up to go back into the church, she suddenly froze, her head tilted up to the night sky, and said, “Wow.”

“They’re really something, aren’t they?”

Science has it that they’ve been shining since long before I was a child, and all the light we’re seeing now is light-years and light-years old. But you can’t see all that history—only the feeling of immensity and triviality all at once, and the certainty that there’s some meaning in it. I wondered if one of those stars really was closest to the throne of God. If he were hiding somewhere, it would have to be here, between the stars so dense that they formed rivers and seas and oceans of light. But hearing no voice from the whirlwind, I looked for Orion instead. They say he spends his summers here, hanging upside down by his tail like a monkey.

When I left Tonga, the sky was back to the way it had always been: bleached-out, suburban, secondhand. Orion was face up again. These days, I go to the Latter-day Saint church sometimes and the Episcopalian church sometimes, but in truth, I would rather spend my Sunday mornings back under those vast heavenly lights. There are days when I walk out of church and look up at the daytime sky, and I marvel at how much beauty has always been there, hidden by the garish sun and, at nightfall, the artificial lights of Babylon. ∎

Categories
Personal Update

I Want to Talk About France!

I often use this blog to post polished essays, or polished poetry, or polished whatever. But that’s also a lot of pressure, and that’s part of the reason why I haven’t talked about what I’ve been up to this year, which included some wonderful trips to Tonga and France this summer. Now it isn’t summer anymore—it’s not even jacket weather anymore. It’s coat weather. And I still haven’t talked about France. So polished or not, let’s talk about France!

In my first blog posts from BYU, I talked about my opportunities and privileges in more-or-less self-aggrandizing terms. Look at this road trip! Look at this concert! Look at this club I’m in! But the truth is just that I’m either really blessed or really lucky (or really both) to be surrounded by good, interesting people.

Mark Geslison and the BYU Celtic Folk Ensemble are some of these people. (Mark is married to the sister of one of my favorite people I met in Denmark, but that’s a different story.) I’ve had the opportunity to play music in all kinds of venues with that group, from the Timpanogos Storytelling Festival to an Irish-style pub in Salt Lake City. And the friendships I’ve made there have been priceless. Anyway, Mark was involved in the leadership of a group called American Folk Ensemble that performs worldwide, and I got the chance to go with four other musicians to accompany a group of cloggers from a dance studio in Herriman to present American traditional music and dance at French festivals in Romans-sur-Isere and Gap.

See, crazy, right? I never imagined that would be me. But there’s photographic evidence that I did, in fact, take the train to the Salt Lake airport and meet up with the band and the dancers, then get on a plane to Charles De Gaulle, then take a plane to Leon, and then get on a tour bus. You guys. An actual tour bus. A put-your-suitcases-in-the-undercarriage-and-then-play-cards-on-the-tables-in-the-back tour bus.

This is not that tour bus. This one did not have tables. That’s Sam the bassist in the front holding the camera, and then Ben the mandolinist behind him and Paige the fiddler in the back, and Melissa the vocalist on the left by me. (Photo credit: Myself)

I’ve been to Europe three times: first as a missionary, then as a tourist, and now as a performer. I have to say, it’s been a warmer welcome every time. Not that I blame any of the people from before. We did cold contacts as missionaries, knocking on people’s doors or stopping them on the street, and particularly in Scandinavian culture, that’s an easy way to get people annoyed at you, especially when it’s about something as private as religion. Then as a tourist, it’s the ambivalent blend of you’re crowding our streets and you’re driving economic growth, which I’ll accept. This time I was an honored guest. Jean-Louis and his wife, the older couple we lived with, excitedly showed us pictures of the last group of musicians they’d housed and treated us to cake and currants from their currant bush and baguettes.

Don’t let anyone tell you that baguettes are a stereotype. We had baguettes with every. Single. Meal. It’s a real thing.

The ten days or so we spent in Romans-sur-Isere were on a pretty busy schedule. We performed every day I think, or almost every day. On the first Monday or Tuesday, we practiced with the cloggers at a dance studio in the morning and then had a little break to see the town. There was a beautiful view of the river from the hill. This is me and Melissa, our vocalist who could produce quite the magnificent yodel.

Melissa (the vocalist) and I. Check out the bridge in the background! Just a postcard. (Photo credit: Myself)

That evening we performed at an outdoor amphitheater in the city and got our first taste of the other groups at the festival. The team from South Africa was my favorite, with drums and awesome call-and-response vocals. There were also teams from Venezuela, Greece, Poland, and a few other countries. The preparation tent was another thing, like the tour bus, that felt mundane, but belonging to someone else’s mundane, and was thus totally interesting. Dividing walls split the tent into sections for each country, decorated with a piece of paper with the country’s flag and name in French, and in each section were completely different costumes and a completely different language being spoken.

Here’s Ben at that amphitheater during dinnertime. He’s our mandolinist and one of the lead perpetrators of taking pictures of me sleeping on the ground. Which happened fairly frequently, starting from our layover in Charles De Gaulle. In my defense, we had a busy schedule and it was 100 degrees Fahrenheit!

Ben. (Awake.) He speaks really good French. Sam the bassist, who’s from Canada, also speaks some French. (Photo credit: Myself)

We had smaller performances at retirement homes, too. At our first one, the dancers cracked the tile floor. The people in charge didn’t seem angry and I wonder if they noticed.

I was always blown away by our reception. People seemed so happy to see us wherever we went, even though most of us couldn’t speak a lick of French. As a musician, you worry about remembering the chords for all the songs and whether you come in on the A part or the B part and which key of Oh Susanna is best for the vocalist. And if you mess up on any of those things, that’s all you notice. It was like that after our hour-long band-only performance in the city center. I thought the first ten or fifteen minutes was awfully rocky. We got into a good groove by the end, mostly thanks to Melissa’s killer vocals. But the whole time I was like, I never did figure out if we were in D or A for that one song. Sam the bassist was an emergency replacement for our previous bassist and still didn’t have all the chords memorized, so I’m sure he was having the same experience. I stood next to him and whispered the key and chords to him at the start of most of the songs. But people were dancing and having a good time and singing along to Country Roads and the director told us at the end that the mayor said he loved the show.

Stages are the darndest things. You can prepare for as long as you want, but knowing the music is an entirely different experience than getting put up on a platform in front of hundreds of people and told, “Give us a good show.” It’s terrifying at the start but when you get into it there’s nothing like making good music for people having a good time.

The festival in Romans-sur-Isere included three or four performances, and we also got bussed three hours out to Gap one day to a different festival there. That was the biggest one—I think the crowd was just under a thousand people—and was honestly a fever dream. There were red and blue lights and a fog machine. We the band were on a taller stage at the back and could look out over the dancers on the main stage underneath us and see a little bit of the audience despite the lights on us.

This French team at the Gap festival did all their dances on stilts. (Photo credit: Myself)

Our bus buddies to and from Gap were the Venezuelan team. They were exhausted and silent on the ride there, when I was trying to be fun and get some road trip games going, and absolute party animals on the way back until 2 a.m., when I was trying to sleep. As wonderful as it is to hear the Phineas & Ferb and SpongeBob theme songs sung in Spanish to flamenco guitar accompaniment (and it truly was wonderful), I would have preferred to hear it at one in the afternoon and not one in the morning.

I now interrupt this travelogue to bring you a picture of the best ice cream I’ve ever eaten, from a local place in Gap where Jean-Louis and his wife took me and Paige and Melissa out to eat.

Three colors of ice cream
Heaven on earth. (Photo credit: Myself)

Yeah, so that was one funny thing. Before we got assigned to our host families, I’d assumed that Sam and Ben and I would be in one house and the girls in the other house. But Sam and Ben got put together and I got put with Paige and Melissa. The girls shared a bed in the actual bedroom and I had a pull-out bed in the basement room outside it. This arrangement, besides being conducive to Paige telling us all about her Greek fiddler love interest, also resulted in exchanges like:

Melissa: “We should have a sleepover!”
Me: “I am not moving ten feet away so I can sleep on the floor.”
Melissa: *cackles*

When we had time off, Jean-Louis and his wife took us to the chocolate museum in a nearby town and pretended to be professional chocolate tasters and be snobby about our preferences for dark over milk chocolate. I also read Brandon Sanderson’s new novel Yumi and the Nightmare Painter as an ebook. It’s strange that you can be halfway across the world, using different outlets and eating baguettes (see above) and still have the same phone with the same books by the same authors from home.

There was plenty else that happened. We toured the shoe museum in Romans (known for its erstwhile shoe business and the enormous sculptures of shoes scattered throughout the city), formerly a monastery, and Ben and Melissa sang some gorgeous choral music in a room with particularly churchlike acoustics. We went gift shopping for the others in the group. We had a picnic and a pool party with one of the dancers’ host families and a birthday party for one of the dancers. We stopped by Lidl for ice cream and disposable wooden silverware and European Red Bull flavors. But this post is already too long as is, and there’s plenty of ice cream and disposable plastic silverware and American Red Bull flavors to enjoy in the present. ∎

Categories
Event Report

99 Differences Between Denmark and the USA: Part 2

Last week I shared some of the things that have stood out to me about Denmark, from the perspective of an American who’d never left the US and Canada. That was good fun, and I promised 99 things, so here’s the rest of the list!

Forests, such as this one near Møns Klint along the Baltic Sea, exist only intermittently in Denmark. Perhaps more of Denmark looked like this before millennia of agriculture.
  1. The Danish currency is the krone (crown), which is has a fixed exchange rate to the euro. Danish cash is colorful, and the bills are different lengths depending on denomination; some of the coins also have a hole in the center. Unfortunately, nobody uses them; the preferred payment methods are Dankort (card) and MobilePay.
  2. Danes bag their own groceries. It costs a couple crowns to buy plastic bags in the checkout line (these are thick plastic, not the thin, crinkly American ones), so it’s best to bring your own bags and reuse them.
  3. There don’t seem to be any public drinking fountains, except for a couple in Copenhagen, which have been out of commission due to COVID-19. Some of my Danish friends often drink from the sink, though I can’t speak for the rest of the population.
  4. The US didn’t have a King Christian IV to build a ton of fancy stuff and plunge the nation deeply into debt. (We’re still deeply in debt, but without the fancy stuff.)
  5. On the other hand, the Danish national debt is currently at the lowest point it’s been in 13 years proportional to GDP, which can’t be said for the US.
  6. The Danish public transportation system is extensive. There are no school buses; students just take the regular buses.
  7. There are no chocolate chips in Denmark. Buy a chocolate bar and make them yourself.
  8. Danish children have 10 required years of primary school (grundskole), which are numbered from 0th to 9th class plus an optional tenth class. Students can attend a government folkeskole or a private friskole. After that, many students attend three years of gymnasium, which bridges the gap between grundskole and university. Gymnasium takes care of university general electives, so once you’re in a university program, you’re focusing on your field of specialty, and you can’t switch programs except at the end of the year. Also, many students take a sabbatical year (sabbatår) before university.
  9. Modern design in furniture and home décor is big in Denmark, despite the old building exteriors.
  10. There are no window screens; typical windows swing outward rather than sliding sideways, and older windows have a fixed design with two clasps on each window and a couple of plastic bars that can be used to prop the window open at various degrees of openness.
Denmark’s most magnificent architecture is found in its churches and cathedrals. Grundtvigs Kirke (Grundtvig’s Church), located in suburban Copenhagen, is both spectacular and unique.
  1. There are no roadside billboards. (However, in cities, there are signs attached to the ground with advertisements viewable by both pedestrians and vehicles.)
  2. Danes really like modern art and sculpture in public places, everywhere.
  3. Pretty much everyone wears black in the winter. Black is also a very common outfit color in general.
  4. Danes hold hands and dance and sing around the Christmas tree at Christmas. It’s celebrated on the evening of the 24th, and both First Christmas Day on the 25th and Second Christmas Day on the 26th are holidays. Likewise, there are two days of Easter and two days of Pentecost (both Sunday and Monday are holidays). Easter is huge in Denmark.
  5. Christmas dinner (julefrokost) lasts for hours. As a rule, it involves meat—such as a duck or flæskesteg (pork cooked with the rind still on)—potatoes and gravy, pickled red cabbage, and sometimes small caramelized potatoes (brunkartofler). There may be pickled herring as an appetizer and a “go away soup” at the end of the meal.
  6. Other holidays include Fastelavn, Kristi Himmelfart (Christ’s Ascension), Great Prayer Day, Constitution Day, and Liberation Day. Fastelavn is the best, as it involves dressing up, smacking a barrel until candy falls out (live cats no longer included), and hitting people with sticks to knock the sins out of them. Delicious pastry rolls called fastelavnsboller are only available at Fastelavn season.
  7. Danes go all-out on New Year’s. They spend the whole afternoon and evening eating, and in the larger cities, it sounds like one long firework from about 11:30 to 1:00. The amount of stuff that gets blown up is insane; it puts the Fourth of July to shame. New Year’s Day feels like a ghost town—everyone is hung over inside, and the streets are littered with firework carcasses that get gradually cleaned up over the course of the next few days.
  8. A good work-life balance is valued by many Danes. The basic work week for a salaried worker is 37 hours. Shops tend to close much earlier in Denmark than in the US, especially during the weekends. Some Danes are able to take the whole holiday season off work, from Christmas Eve through New Year’s.
  9. Sinks do not have disposals.
  10. In many houses, the freezer is located in a smaller box within the fridge, rather than as a separate unit.
Many rooms in Egeskov Slot (Egeskov Castle) are open to the public, though the owners still live in a small portion of the building. This elaborately furnished room is typical of a royal dwelling.
  1. You can usually find the household garbage bag attached to the back of the cabinet door beneath the sink. It’s small—around the size of a plastic Walmart bag or smaller. Danish society emphasizes caring for the planet and not being wasteful. Often, you’ll sort your trash into many different units for recycling—in one apartment I lived in, there were six different recycling bins.
  2. Sales tax (moms) is included in prices. It’s pretty hefty, at 25% the unmodified price.
  3. “Shoes off inside the house” is a fast rule.
  4. Denmark has a monarchy. Queen Margrethe II, at 82 years old, is the Danish answer to Queen Elizabeth. She isn’t heavily involved politically, but she’s friendly, well-spoken, and addresses the nation every New Year’s Eve on the television to give a speech about what the year has been like and offer advice and encouragement, which nobody misses. According to a 2012 poll, 82% of Danes support the monarchy.
  5. Though I’d love to have a leader like Margrethe, some of the traditional trappings of the monarchy seem a little odd to the outsider, like the silent guards wearing tall, fluffy hats that stand in pencil-shaped guard booths.
  6. While we’re on the topic of politics, Denmark has a parliamentary system similar to Britain’s, where many different political parties (not just two!) are represented, and parties need to form a coalition representing over 50% of voters after the election; the chosen leader of the coalition becomes the prime minister. The “left/right” dichotomy there is social democratic parties against classical liberal (i.e., supporting a weaker government and more individual freedom) parties. Danes seem very willing to be public about controversial issues in the media; on the other hand, some issues like religion are generally avoided in personal conversation.
  7. If you find yourself in Denmark, ignore people on the street, but acknowledge people when you enter or leave a store. I found that Danes use less eye contact than Americans, especially with strangers. It seems small, but it took some adjusting to.
  8. If someone asks you if you want something, say “yes please”; don’t hedge. You probably won’t get offered it again. Best to be direct.
  9. There are mile marker posts every tenth of a kilometer on the motorways.
  10. Like Americans, Danes love their flag. According to legend, it fell from heaven during a battle. The flag can appear in the standard rectangular shape or as a long, thin, triangular banner.
Dreslette Kirke (Dreslette Church) on Fyn is an idyllic rural church with an atypical design.
  1. Practical stuff: Phone numbers are four sets of two digits (e.g., 12 34 56 78), without dashes. The country code is +45.
  2. In case of emergency, call 112, not 911.
  3. Dates use the European convention of putting the day before the month. For time, the 24-hour clock is used.
  4. Floors are also numbered differently—the first floor is not the ground floor, but the floor above it. The ground floor is known as the “stue”.
  5. Most students get confirmed in the church in seventh grade (13 to 15 years old). This typically involves a huge coming-of-age party and lots of gifts.
  6. At graduation itself, students wear a military-looking student hat (studenterhue) that classmates write on the underside of, like a yearbook. The Wikipedia page about them lists some interesting traditions: “It is bad luck to try on a student’s cap before completion of the last exam. This can be counteracted by jumping over the cap backwards 3 times.” (Which still isn’t quite as weird as dumping cinnamon all over your friends if they turn 25 and aren’t married.) Also, if you live in the city and hear loud partying around graduation time, it’s likely you’re hearing the trucks that drive around to all of the graduates’ houses while the graduates dance around on top and get progressively drunker.
  7. As a small European country, there are quite a few different languages represented in Denmark. Advertisements are commonly in Danish or English, and public transportation especially may have three or more or languages, with German being the next most common. Students learn English from a young age and are also required to take some coursework in German. When English is used, it’s typically British spelling.
  8. There isn’t a division between the shower floor and the bathroom floor; the shower curtain or door just hangs above the normal floor.
  9. Public toilets seem to be rarer, though they’re almost always free. Libraries are your best friend when you need to go. Also, gender-neutral bathrooms are not uncommon.
  10. University students receive a government stipend for their education called SU. Unless you’re living in an expensive area, this usually covers the cost of living, so many students don’t work while they’re at school.
Deceased monarchs are laid to rest in Roskilde Domkirke (Roskilde Cathedral). Changing coffin designs reflect the evolving religious, political, and aesthetic climate of each ruler’s lifetime. Margrethe II’s is to be made of glass.
  1. Danes are pretty fashion-conscious on the whole. I’ve heard it said that European fashion is a decade ahead of American fashion.
  2. Ethnic demographics are of course different. Between 80% and 90% of people living in Denmark are “White” ethnic Danes. There are also sizable immigrant populations, especially of people from the Middle East, and especially in the larger cities like Copenhagen and its suburbs.
  3. Graveyards are connected to churches and are small but beautifully kept by church caretakers. A gravesite only lasts for a 10- or 20-year period unless the family pays to extend it.
  4. Getting treated at a state hospital doesn’t cost you anything if you’re a Danish citizen or have a state health insurance card. You might have to wait a while though. There are also private hospitals for those who can afford it.
  5. It’s not uncommon to wash dishes by hand, and to use a drying rack for clothes.
  6. Danish has this lovely word called tandsmør, which literally translates to “tooth butter” and means putting so much butter on your roll that it leaves teeth marks when you bite into it. Danes love their butter.
  7. When you visit someone’s house, expect to stay for a long time. There’s a word called hygge that’s escaped from Danish into pop culture, which basically means “chilling”, and it sums up the experience of being a guest in Denmark.
  8. The cables attached to light fixtures are often attached externally and are visible, rather than being run through the ceiling. Sometimes there are parts of a room that aren’t well-lit by a light fixture. Ceiling fans are also uncommon.
  9. Grocery stores and candy stores sell “mix-yourself candy” that you pick out of buckets (gloves are required) and pay by weight. This is a weekend tradition for kids. Do watch out for black licorice (both sweet and salty), which is a common candy flavor.

And that’s it for my observations on Danish life. Did anything pique your interest? Is there anything Americans could learn from the Danish culture? Let me know in the comments below!

Bertel Thorvaldsen’s sculptures are larger than life in every way. Thorvaldsens Museum in downtown Copenhagen is a rare example of a museum dedicated to the work and collection of a single artist alone.